Fall 2014 ASSIGNMENT
PROGRAM BCA(REVISED FALL 2012)
SEMESTER
- 2
SUBJECT
CODE & NAME - PROGRAM BCA(REVISED FALL 2012)
CREDIT
– 4 BK ID - B1405, MAX. MARKS - 60
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Q1. Differentiate between
Distributed Systems and Real-time Systems. 5+5
Answer:
Distributed
Systems
In
this type of system all the computations are distributed among several
processors. Distributed systems are also referred as loosely coupled systems
because here the processors do not share memory or a clock.
Instead,
each processor has its own local memory. The processors communicate with one
another through various communication lines, such as high speed buses or
telephone lines. The processors
Q2 Explain the different process
states. 5*2
Answer.
Different
process states
A program in execution is a
process. A process is executed sequentially, one instruction at a time. A
program is a passive entity.
Example: a file on the disk. A
process on the other hand is an active entity. In addition to program code, it
includes the values of the program counter, the contents of the CPU registers,
the global variables in the data section and the contents of the stack that is
used for subroutine
Q3 Define Deadlock. Explain
necessary conditions for deadlock. 2+(2*4)
Answer.
Deadlock
Deadlock occurs when we
have a set of processes [not necessarily all the processes in the system], each
holding some resources, each requesting some resources, and none of them is
able to obtain what it needs, i.e. to make progress. We will usually reason in terms
of resources R1, R2... Rm and processes P1, P2... Pn. A process Pi that is
waiting for some currently unavailable resource is said to be blocked.
Q4 Differentiate between
Sequential access and Direct access methods. 5+5
Answer.
Sequential
access and Direct access methods
Sequential access
In this simple
access method, information in a file is accessed sequentially one record after
another. To process the ith record all the i-1 records previous to i must be
accessed. Sequential access is based on the tape model that is inherently a
sequential access device. Sequential access is best suited where most of the
records in a file are to be processed. For example, transaction files.
Q5 Differentiate between Daisy
chain bus arbitration and Priority encoded bus arbitration. 5+5
Answer.
Daisy chain bus arbitration and Priority
encoded bus arbitration
There are many
ways of addressing the “bus arbitration” problem; three techniques which are
often implemented in processor systems are the following: Daisy chain
arbitration, priority encoded arbitration and distributed arbitration by
self-section. These are also often used to determine the priorities of other
events which may occur simultaneously, like interrupts. They rely on the use of
at least two signals (bus_request and bus_grant), used in a manner
similar to the two-wire
Q6 Differentiate between
encryption and decryption. What are the two basic methods for encryption? 5+5
Answer.
Encryption and Decryption
Encryption is an
important tool in protection, security and authentication. The process involves
two steps (as in Fig 6.a): :
Get fully solved assignment, plz drop a mail with your sub code
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