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Winter 2014
Program
MBA Semester 3
Subject
code & name QM0021: Statistical Process Control
Qus:1
(a) What are the two main causes of variation? Explain.
(b)
Define the term ‘process’. Give an example of process.
·
Explanation
of two causes of variation.
·
Definition
of a process and example of a process.
Answer:
Explanation
of two causes of variation.
Variation can
be defined as any deviation from the specified requirements. It can be either positive
or negative.
Qus:2(a)
What is meant by Standard Deviation?
(b)
Calculate the standard deviation of the following data, which represents the
number of defective products by a machine: 4, 2, 5, 8 and 6
·
Meaning
of Standard Deviation
·
Calculation
of Standard Deviation with steps
Answer:
Meaning
of Standard Deviation:
Standard
deviation is the root of sum of the squares of deviations divided by the total
number of values given in the dataset. Standard deviation shows the degree of
variation from mean or value expected. A low standard deviation suggests
that points in data are closer to mean, and higher
Qus:3
a) Give the meaning of the following basic terminologies in Probability:
i)
Sample Space
ii)
Mutually Exclusive events
b)
Mention the properties of probability
c)
Define the term ‘random variable’
·
Meaning
of ‘sample space’ and ‘mutually exclusive events’
·
Properties
of probability
·
Definition
of ‘random variable’
Answer:
Meaning
of ‘sample space’ and ‘mutually exclusive events’:
Sample
Space:
It is a set of all
possible outcomes of an experiment. For example, if you launch a new product in
the market, the product would either get accepted or rejected by the customers.
These are the
Qus:4 (a) Differentiate between accuracy and
precision.
(b) Write a brief note on ‘Funnel Experiment’
·
Difference
between Accuracy and Precision
·
Brief note on
‘Funnel experiment’
Answer:
Difference between Accuracy and
Precision:
Qus:5 Define the terms: ‘process capability’ and
‘process stability’. Explain Cp index and Cpk index.
·
Definition of
‘process capability’ and ‘process stability’
·
Explanation of
Cp Index and Cpk Index
Answer:
Definition of ‘process capability’ and
‘process stability’
Process capability:
Process
capability is defined as the capability of a process which is able to achieve
the objective for which it exists within the constraints or the limits. In
other words, it is defined as how likely a product is going to meet its
predesigned specifications. These objectives and specifications are
Qus:6 Give the meaning of the following:
i)Hypothesis testing
ii) Control chart
iii) Experimental design
iv) Acceptance Sampling
Meaning of:
·
i) Hypothesis
testing
·
ii) Control
chart
·
iii)
Experimental design
·
iv) Acceptance
Sampling
Answer:
i) Hypothesis testing:
Hypothesis
testing is define as a process of resolving problems or deriving information
from the given data in order to conduct crucial business decisions. It is a
logical method of accepting and validating business decisions. In hypothesis
testing, two types of hypothesis are utilised. One is the null hypothesis and
another is the alternate hypothesis. The null hypothesis is a statement
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