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PROGRAM
- BSC IT
SEMESTER-I
SUBJECT
CODE & NAME
Bca1040,
LOGIC DESIGN
CREDIT-4
BK
ID-B0948
MAX.
MARKS-60
Q1.
Convert each of the following hexadecimal numbers to binary, octal, and decimal
formats.
i)
(4FB2)16
ii)
(DC4)16
Answer:
i)
(4FB2)16
Hexadecimal
to binary conversion
Given,
(4FB2)16
To convert the above number into
binary we have to replace each digit of this number by binary
Q2.
Construct the following gates using NAND gates.
a)
AND b) NOR c) XOR d) XNOR
Answer:
a)
AND gate Implementation using NAND gates
AND gate can be implementing by
NOR gate, for this we have to connect two NOR gate as output of
Q.3.
Expand the following Boolean functions into their canonical form: [5+5] =10
ANS:
Canonical forms express all
binary variables in every product (AND) or sum (OR) term of the Boolean
function. There are two types of canonical forms of a Boolean function. The
first one is
Q4. Simplify the
following Boolean function: F = A’C +
A’B + AB’C + BC, using K-map?
Answer:
We will use the
Karnaugh map to simplify Boolean expressions by minterm or maxterm values on
the map and then grouping terms to develop simpler Boolean expressions.
Given,
F=A'C+A'B+AB'C+BC
Q5. What are
sequential circuits? Explain differences between sequential circuits and combinational
circuits.
Answer:
Sequential circuits
A digital logic circuit or system
is usually made up of combinational elements such as NAND and NOR gates and
memory elements which may, for example, be discrete flip-flops or latches.
Alternatively, an interconnection of these devices may be found in a shift
register, a counter, or in a variety of MSI and LSI packages. With the
introduction of memory elements as components in digital systems, an additional
variable, time, has been introduced and must be taken into account when
designing digital systems. In effect, logic operations can be performed
sequentially, information being stored in a memory element and released at some
specified instant later so that it can take part in a controlled combinational operation.
Systems operating in this way are called sequentially operated systems.
There has always been considerable confusion over the use of the terms latch
and flipflop.It will be assumed in this book that a flip-flop is a device
which changes its state at times when a change is taking place in the clock
signal. The flip-flop is said to be either leading edge or trailing
edge triggered, the edges referred to being those of the clock signal. On
the other hand an asynchronous latch, without a control line, is
continuously monitoring the input signals and changes its state at times
Q6. What are shift
registers? Explain serial in serial out shift register.
Answer:
Definition of Shift Registers
Shift Register is a group of flip
flops set up in a linear fashion which have their inputs and outputs connected
together in such a way that the data is shifted down the line when the circuit
is activated.
Shift registers can have co
parallel inputs and outputs, including serial-in, parallel-out (SIPO)
and parallel-in, serial-out (PISO) types. There are also types
that have both serial and parallel input, and types with serial and parallel
output. There are also bi-directional shift registers which allow you to
vary the direction of the shift register. The serial input and outputs of a
register can also be connected
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