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ASSIGNMENT
DRIVE Summer
2017
PROGRAM MBA
SEMESTER II
SUBJECT CODE & NAME M0048
OPERATIONS RESEARCH
Note: Answer all
questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be
approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.
Question1. Define various Characteristics & Scope of
operations research
Answer:
Characteristics
of operations research:
·
OR is system-oriented. OR scrutinises the
problem from an organisation’s perspective. The results can be optimal for one
part of the system, while the same can be unfavourable for another part of the
system.
·
OR imbibes an
2 a. Elaborate various Rules for Writing a Dual Problem in
linear programming.
Answer:
Consider the
following linear programming problem:
Maximise Z = c1x1
+c2x2 + . . . +cnxn
Subject to the
constraints
a11
x1 + a12
b. An organisation produces X1 and X2 units of products R and
S, respectively. In this case, the objective function and constraints are
expressed as follows:
Maximise Z = 60X1 + 120X2
Subject to, 3X1 + 6X2 ≤ 240
Raw material constraint
2X1 +
4X2 ≤
800 Labour hours constraint
X1,
X2 ≥ 0
Non-negativity condition
Use
graphical method to determine how many units of products R and S the
organisation should produce to maximise its profits.
Answer 2(b) - Here,
We have to
maximise Z = 60X1 + 120X2
Subject to
Question3.a. Explain the concept of Trans-shipment.
Answer3(a). Transhipment is the
act of off-loading a container from one ship and loading it onto another ship. In
any service operated by any line there are practical restrictions in terms of
coverage of ports.. There is no shipping line that can cover all ports around
the world on a single service and therefore the
b. Solve the following transportation problem using Vogel’s
Approximation method.
Answer:
olution:
TOTAL no. of supply constraints : 3
TOTAL no. of demand constraints : 4
Problem
TOTAL no. of supply constraints : 3
TOTAL no. of demand constraints : 4
Problem
Question4. The processing time of four jobs and five machines
(in hours, when passing is not allowed) is given in following table
a. Find an optimal sequence for the above sequencing problem.
b. Calculate minimum elapsed time & idle time for
machines A, B, C, D & E.
Answer1.
Question5.
Define following criteria’s used for decision making under Uncertainty
a.
Optimism (maximax or minimin) criterion
Answer
5(a).
Maximax
(Optimist)
The maximax
looks at the bes
b.
Pessimism (maximin or minimax) criterion
Answer5(b).
Maximin
(Pessimist)
The maximin
c.
Equal probabilities (Laplace) criterion
Answer5(c).
Laplace
criterion is also called as law of equal probabilities criterion or criterion
of rationality, since probability of states of nature are not known it is
assumed that all states of nature will occur in equal probability
d.
Coefficient of optimism (Hurwicz) criterion
Answer5(d).
A compromise
between the maximax and maximin criteria. The decision maker is neither totally
optimistic (
e.
Regret (salvage) criterion
Answer5(e).
The minimization
of regret that is highest when one decision has been made instead of another.
In a situation
Question6.
Explain the following:
a.
Economic Order Quantity (EOQ)
Answer
6(a).
Economic
order quantity (EOQ) is an equation for inventory that determines the ideal
order quantity a company
b. PERT and CPM
Answer
6(b).
PERT stands
for Program Evaluation Review Technique, a methodology developed by the U.S.
Navy in the 1950s to manage the
c. Applications of queuing models
Answer
6(c).
Queueing
Theory has a wide range of applications, and this section is designed to give
an illustration of
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