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Winter
2017
Bca2020
1
What is queue? Briefly explain an array implementation of queue.
Answer: A queue is a linear list of elements in
which deletions can take place only at one end, called the front and insertions
can take place only at the other end, called the rear as referred in
2
Briefly explain basic concepts of Graphs.
Answer: In a graph data structure there are certain terms
and terminologies that you should know about. A graph data structure consists
mainly of
a) A set of entities called nodes
(or vertices or points).
b) A set of edges (or arcs or
3
How is stack represented by an array? Also explain PUSH and POP operation in
brief.
Answer: Array implementation of stack
Implementation of stack can be
done either using array or one way list. The main disadvantage of array
implementation of stack is that the size of the array has to be declared a
head. So, the stack size is fixed and dynamically you cannot change the size of
stack.
Each stack maintains a array
STACK, a pointer variable TOP which contains the location of top element and a
variable MAXSTK which gives the maximum number of elements that can be held by
the
4
Write a short note on: NP-Completeness and Optimization versus decision
problems.
Answer: The ‘NP’ stands for ‘nondeterministic
polynomial time’, which says about the fact that a solution for certain type of
a problem can be checked (but may not be found) in polynomial time. This class
of algorithms informally indicates that there is a polynomial time for checking
a solution for a problem
5
Write an Algorithm to find the maximum and minimum items in a set of ‘n’
element.
Answer: Algorithm
1. procedure SMAXMIN(max, min)
2. integer i, max, min;
3. max min A(1);
4. for I 2 to n do
5. if A(i)>max then max A(i)
6. else if A(i)<min then min
A(i)
6
Write a short note on:
·
Optimal Merge Pattern
·
Single Source Shortlist Paths
Answer: Optimal Merge Pattern
When more than two sorted files
are to be merged together, the merge can be accomplished by repeatedly merging
sorted files in pairs. Thus, if files x1,
x2, x3, and x4 are to be
merged, we could first merge
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Winter
2017
Bca2030
1
What are the advantages of Polymorphism? How it can be implemented?
Answer: Advantages
of Polymorphism
1.) Code re-usability: Using
the code written somewhere in program.
Until C, Code re-usability
can be achieved using making it into an function. Then the function would be
called whenever it is needed. But in OOP, function is wrapped up into class.
Required code
2
Differentiate between While and Do-While loop.
Answer: While
loop
Syntax: while (condition expression)
{
Statement1;
Statement 2;
}
In the above example, condition expression is evaluated and
if the condition is true, then the statement1 and statement2 are executed.
After execution, the condition is checked again. If true, the
3
Define Function. Write a program to calculate nCr using function.
Answer: Functions provide an easy means to organize the
programs into smaller modules and use them again without rewriting all the
code. It enables reuse of program code. Functions enable
4
What is a variable? Write a program that accepts two numbers from the user and
swaps the two numbers without using a temporary variable.
Answer: The variable is a name given to a particular
location in the memory and the value stored in a variable can be altered
5
How do you define structure in C++. Write a C++ program that implements the
structure and enables to store at least 100 product data.
Answer: Structure is a feature in C++ that enables you to
define a user-defined datatype. Once you specify the definition of the
structure, you can create variables of that structure. In the
6
What is Class in C++? Write a C++ program to implement class rectangle and find
its area.
Answer: Classes provide users a method to
create user defined data types. We have seen two types of user defined data type
structures and enumeration in the previous unit. Both are
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Winter 2017
ASS IGNMENT
PROGRAM BCA (REVISED FALL 2012)
SEMESTER 3
SUBJECT CODE &
NAME
BCA3010 -COMPUTER ORIENTED NUMERICAL METHODS
CREDIT 4
BK ID
B1643
Q.1. Find a real root of the transcendental equation cos
x-3x+1=0, correct to four decimal places
using iteration method.
Solution.
Let
f(x) = cos x – 3x + 1.
Now f(0) = cos 0 – 0 + 1
= 2 > 0 and
2.
Find the Taylors Series for f(x)=x3-10x2+6
about x0=3
Solution.
We know
that Taylor's series expansion of function at point x0 is
Q.3. Solve the equations
2x + 3y + z = 9
x + 2y + 3z = 6
3x + y + 2z = 8
by LU decomposition method.
Solution.
We have,
Q.4.
Fit a second degree parabola y = a + bx + cx2 in the least square method for the
following data and hence estimate y at x
= 6.
|
X
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
|
Y
|
10
|
12
|
13
|
16
|
19
|
Solution.
Let us
choose, X=x-3, we have y'= (∑y)/n =70/5=14
Q.5. The population of a certain town is shown in the following
table
|
Year X
|
1931
|
1941
|
1951
|
1961
|
1971
|
|
Population Y
|
40.62
|
60.80
|
79.95
|
103.56
|
132.65
|
Find the rate of growth of the population in 1961.
Solution.
Here h = 10.
Since the rate of growth of population is dy/dx, we have to find dy/dx
at x= 1961, which lies
Q.6. Solve of 𝑦𝑛+2- 2 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛼 𝑦𝑛+1+ 𝑦𝑛= 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝛼𝑛.
Solution.
The given difference equation can be written
as
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PROGRAM - BCA
(Revised Fall 2012)
SEMESTER - 3
SUBJECT CODE &
NAME
BCA3020 – Data Base
Management System(DBMS)
CREDIT - 4
BK ID - B1479
MAX. MARKS – 60
Q1.
List and explain the important responsibilities of database manager. [10]
Ans: Important responsibilities
of database manager:
important responsibilities of Database manager:
·
Interaction
with file manager: The
raw data is stored on the disk using the file system which is usually provided
by a
·
Q2.
What is a table in relational data model? List the properties of relational
tables. [10]
Ans: Relational Data Model: The
relational model today, is the primary data model for commercial dataprocessing
applications. It has attained its primary position because of its
simplicity,
which eases the job of the programmer, as compared to earlier data models such
as the network model or the hierarchical model. A database based on the
relational model developed by E.F. Codd allows the
Q3.
What is data independence? Briefly explain. [10]
Ans: Data Independence: Data
independence is usually considered from two points of view: physical data
independence and logical data independence. Physical data independence
allows changes in the physical storage devices or organization of the
files to be made without requiring changes in the conceptual view or any
of the external views and hence in the application programs using the database.
Q4.
Explain the Sequential File Organization with the help of diagrams. [10]
Ans: Sequential File Organization: A sequential file is designed for efficient
processing of records in sorted order based on some search-key. A search
key is any attribute or set of attributes; it need not be the
primary key, or even a superkey. To permit fast retrieval of records in
search-key order, we chain together records by pointers. The pointer in
each record points to the next record in search-key order.
Q5.
What is view? List its advantages. [4+6]= 10
Ans: Views: A
view is a virtual table which does not actually exist. It is made up of a query
on other tables in the database. It could include only certain columns or
rows from a table or from many tables. A view which restricts the user to certain
rows is called a horizontal view, and a vertical view restricts the
Q6.
Write a note on the following: 5+5
a)
SUBSET Mapping
b)
SUPERSET Mapping
Ans: We
can see that classes of OOP language can be mapped to RDBMS tables. For e.g.
JAVA classes can be mapped to RDBMS tables. We can map a persistent class and a
table in so many ways. The simplest mapping between a persistent class and a
table is one-to-one. In this case, all attributes in the persistent class are
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PROGRAM - BCA(REVISED
FALL 2012)
SEMESTER - 3
SUBJECT CODE &
NAME
BCA 3040 – DATA
COMMUNICATION
BK ID - B1644
CREDITS - 4
MAXIMUM MARKS – 60
Q1.
What is Channelization? Briefly explain three channelization techniques. [2+8]
= 10
Ans: Channelization: Channelization
is a multiple-access method in which the available
bandwidth
of a link is shared in time, frequency, or through code, between different
stations. In this section, we discuss three channelization techniques: FDMA,
TDMA, and CDMA.
1
Frequency-
Q2.
What is modulation? Explain why modulation is required? [5+5] = 10
Ans: Modulation: Modulation is
the process of varying one of characteristics (either
amplitude
or frequency or phase) of a high-frequency periodic waveform, called the carrier
signal, with a
Q3.
Write a note on: [5+5] 10
·
Ground Wave
Propagation
·
Sky Wave Propagation
Ans: Ground Wave Propagation: Ground wave propagation follows the curvature of the
Earth. Ground waves have carrier frequencies up to 2 MHz. AM radio is an
example of ground wave propagation. Figure shows the concept
Q4.
Briefly explain Nyquist theorem with mathematical representation. [10]
Ans: Nyquist theorem: The
Nyquist theorem states that “a signal must be sampled at least twice as
fast as the bandwidth of the signal to accurately reconstruct the
waveform” In other words, the sampling frequency should be at least
twice the highest frequency contained in the signal. It is
mathematically
Q5.
What is Communication System? Briefly explain the important elements of
communication system. [4+6] = 10
Ans: Communication: Basically,
communication is the process of conveying a message from one person to
other or from one place to another place. It is the exchange of ideas,
thoughts and feelings between two persons, places or points
Q6.
What are the advantages of packet switching over circuit switching? [10]
Ans: Packet switching: In packet switching message is
divided into blocks of data called packets.
Each
packet is associated with a header before they are transmitted individually
through the network. The path taken by each packet to reach their respective
destination is depending on the status of links used by switching
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Bca4010
Winter 2017
Sem 4th
1
Distinguish between IPV4 and IPV6 addressing schemes
Answer: IPV4
Addressing
An IP address is an identifier that is
assigned at the Internet layer to an interface or a set of interfaces. Each IP
address can identify the source or destination of IP packets. For IPV4, every
node on a
2 What is
Message and Packet switching?
Answer: Message
switching
Message switching was the precursor of packet
switching, where messages were routed in their entirety and one hop at a time.
It was first introduced by Leonard Kleinrock in 1961. Message switching systems
are nowadays mostly implemented over packet-switched or circuit-switched
3 List the
design issues related to Data Link Layer.
Answer: To accomplish the above goals, the data
link layer takes the packets from the network layer and encapsulates bit stream
into units called frames for transmission. Note that frames are nothing more
than “packets'' or “messages''. By convention, we'll use the term ``frames''
when
4 Briefly
explain Point-to-Point Protocol.
Answer: Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is a
network-specific standard protocol with STD number 51. Its status is
5 Briefly
explain five parts of Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions.
Answer: MIME can be described in five parts:
Ø Protocols for including objects other than US
ASCII text mail messages within the bodies of messages
Ø
Q6. What is
OSI model? Explain all its layers with diagram.
Answer: Before 1990’s data communication model had
been used, in 1990’s open system Interconnection (OSI) was used. Later TCP/ Ip
protocol suit has been developed such that it was easy to use and efficient to
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BCA 4th Semester
BCA 4040
Accounting and Financial Management
Q1. Explain the various steps in
financial planning.
Ans
The financial planning process involves the following
steps:
·
Projection
of financial statement
·
Determination
of funds needed
Q2. What is rectification of error ? List and explain
the stages where the errors are deducted for rectification.
Ans.
Errors and their
Rectification
Rectification of errors may be define as correction of errors which had
been done in the books of accounts of company due to ignorance or not knowing
the principles of accounting. Sometime, errors may be due to cheating
Q3. Define Accounting . Briefly explain the “Entity concepts” and
“Money Measurement Concept” of accounting
Ans:
Accounting is an important
endeavor . Accounting was first practiced and then theorized. Accounting
concepts and conventions as
Q4. What is inventory management and explain the
following
1.
Economic Order quantity
2.
Reorder point
Ans.
The term ‘inventory’
refers to the stockpile of products. Inventory comprises of those assets which
will be sold off in the near future and moneys recovered. Inventory consists of
three type of assets – raw materials, semi finished goods , & finished
goods. Raw material inventory consists of those items which are purchased by
the
Q5. Explain
the different steps involved in preparation of Fund Flow Statements.
Ans Steps in
Preparation of Fund Flow Statement
- Preparation of schedule changes in working capital (taking current items only).
- Preparation of adjusted profit and loss account (to know fund from [or] fund lost in operations).
- Preparation of
iven or not) then only
easier to find the inflow and outflow of funds.
Q6. What is
cost ? Discuss the factors involved in estimating the cost
Ans. Accounting records and financial statements
prepared on the basis of accounting records do not provide all the information
required by managers of a business. Organizations have to maintain many other
types of records . One such record is cost record. Cost records provide cost
data to managers. What is the meaning of cost, how costs are classified and
determined has been discussed in this Unit. Cost classification is the process
of grouping costs according to their common features. Cost is classified as
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BCA6012
Winter
2017
1
Explain the various provisions of Academic Free License (v2.0).
Answer: The provisions of the Academic Free License version
2 (AFL v2.0) are discussed :
1) Grant of copyright licenses: This is the first provision, in which the licensor grants you a royalty-
2
What are the basic principles of the Copyright Law ?
Answer: basic principles of the Copyright Law are given
below:
Licensing: Copyright
offers you a method by which you as a copyright owner can control the use of a
copyright work through licensing. The terms of the license will govern the
tenure for which the work may be used and the territory of use. The copyright
owner also needs payment
3
Write short notes on
a)
Build and fix Open Source Software Development Model
b)
Rapid prototype Open Source Software Development model
Answer: a. Build and fix model:
A greater part of Open Source projects commence their
development life under this model because it is designed to fix some explicit
problem experienced by a developer or a programmer or system administrator. If
the product is a success, sooner or later it evolves from this model into a
complete
4
Describe the Granted Rights and Limitations of Liability of Q Public License.
Answer: Rights granted
by the Q Public License:
·
You as a Licensee are
granted sole rights only when they accept and follow all the terms and conditions
of this license. This license is considered to be accepted, even if partial
distribution is d
5
What are the steps for joining an existing open source project? Explain.
Answer: The steps for joining an existing open source
project are given in the following steps:
1.
Basic
preparations: Make sure that you are appropriate enough to make priceless
contributions as a programmer to the developer community. Interpret how to
create and apply patches (text
2.
6
What is EUPL? What are the specialities of this license?
Answer: The open source is gaining global acceptance. As a
result, 27 nations of Europe have formed their own open source community, and
drafted a new license the European Union Public License (EUPL). It was a unique
license which is slightly different from the other open source licenses. Even
though open source community members opposed it, many people supported the union’s
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PROGRAM
BCA
SEMESTER
6th
SUBJECT
CODE & NAME
BCA6023
Qus:1. What are the benefits of
outsourcing?
Answer: The
following are the benefits of outsourcing.
1. Cost reduction and
cost savings: Out-sourcing reduces the costs if the
price you are paying for the company is less than the costs that you incur if
the same activities are performed in-house.
2.
Qus:2 Explain the different ways to
view the processes performed in a supply chain.
Answer: A
supply chain is a sequence of processes and flows that take place within and
between different stages and combine to fill a customer need for a product.
There are two different
Qus:3. Explain the role of IT in
transportation.
Answer: The
movement of goods from one place to another within a supply chain is known as
transportation. It starts from the beginning of a supply chain and ends when
the product reaches the hands of the
Qus:4What are the impacts of
e-commerce on SCM?
Answer: conceptof
e-commerce. Electronic commerce, commonly known as e-commerce or e-Commerce, is
a type of industry where the buying and selling of products or services is
conducted over electronic systems such as the Internet and other computer
networks. It is a type of business model,
Qus:5What are the five categories
of Partner Relationship Management? Explain.
Answer: PRM
can be defined as a business strategy and a set of application tools designed
to increase the long-term value of a firm’s channel network by assisting
companies to select the right sales partners, supporting them by offering
timely and accurate information and
Qus:6Explain the basic activities
of purchasing.
Answer: The basic
activities of purchasing are:
Sourcing: This
activity is concerned about matching business purchasing requirements with
sources of supply, ensuring continuity of supply, exploring alternative sources
of supply, and validating the level of supplier compliance in order to meet or
exceed buyer criteria for quality, delivery,
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